![]() ![]() During attempts to expand Portuguese influence into the Indian Ocean, the Portuguese duke Afonso de Albuquerque captured the island in 1507 and it was incorporated into the greater Portuguese Empire. In 1505 King Manuel I of Portugal led Portugal to establish a policy of expansion in Africa and western Asia. Portuguese Presence in the Persian Gulf and Red Sea. Ibn Battuta also visited the island, and New Hormuz. Hormuz was visited by Marco Polo, around 1290, while traveling by land, as described in his travelogue. ![]() As its competitors suffered from intermittent destruction, Hormuz remained a reliable and relatively safe harborage. Its location, however, gave the island a degree of security which let it grow to be a major trading port for several centuries. As such, it was not an ideal location for the capital of a principality as all provisions including water had to be brought from the mainland. The island is arid, and during the summer months the temperature can rise to over 43 ☌ (109 ☏). Slowly the name of the new town came to be used for the island as well. ![]() The ruler later made peace with the Ilkhans.Ī new town was built on the northern tip of Jarun island which was called New Hormuz for a number of years to distinguish it from the old town on the mainland until this fell into ruins. The town's ruler decided to shift his residence to the island around 1300, in order to evade attacks by Mongolian and Turkish groups from the interior. The principality paid tribute to the Mongol-ruled Ilkhanate and was an important source of income from maritime trade. The island, known as Organa ( Όργανα) to the ancient Greeks and as Jarun in the Islamic period, acquired the name of "Hormuz" from the important harbour town of Hormuz (Ormus) on the mainland 60 km away, which had been a centre of a minor principality on both sides of the strait. Lithic assemblage characterized by Levallois methods and dates back to more than 40,000 years ago. A lithic scatter was found at a site called Chand-Derakht, which is an uplifted marine Pleistocene terrace. The earliest evidence for human presence on the island is several stone artifacts discovered at the eastern shorelines of the Island. ![]()
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